中国经济高质量发展的能力基础、能力结构及其推进机制

党的十九届四中全会再次强调,坚持和完善社会主义基本经济制度,推动经济高质量发展。能否实现高质量发展,取决于高质量发展的能力基础能否壮大,即人才基础从人口红利转向人才红利,技术基础从后发优势与模仿型技术进步转向自主创新,制度基础从渐进式增量改革转向全面深化改革,需求基础从主要依靠国际市场转向促进形成强大国内市场。基于新的能力基础,需要对现有的能力结构进行重构和优化,即产业结构从要素投入型转向创新驱动型,空间结构从单一城市化转向城市集群发展,资本积累结构从偏向于物质资本转向偏向于人力资本,地方政府治理结构从发展型政府转向服务型政府。为了壮大高质量发展的能力基础,重构高质量发展的能力结构,需要进一步完善高质量发展的推进机制,充分发挥新发展理念的引领带动作用,以寻求活力与秩序的平衡为重点规范地方政府行为,形成高水平育才、识才、聚才、用才体系。考虑到国际环境的不确定性、不稳定性日益增强,需要完善化解高质量发展进程中国际阻击的应对机制,积极适应国际环境演变。

CAPACITY BASIS,CAPACITY STRUCTURE AND PROMOTION MECHANISM FOR HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF CHINESE ECONOMY

The fourth plenary session of the 19th CPC Central Committee once again emphasizes upholding and improving the basic socialist economic system and promoting high quality development ofeconomy. Whether the high quality development can be realized depends on whether the capacity basis for high quality development can be expanded, namely, the talent basis transforming from demographic dividend to talent bonuses, technical basis transforming from the advantage of backwardness and imitation technology progress to independent innovation, institutional basis transforming from gradual incremental reform to comprehensively deepening reform, and demand basis transforming from mainly relying on international market to promoting the formation of domestic market. Bases on the new capacity basis, it is necessary to reconstruct and optimize the capacity structure, namely, the industrial structure transforming from inputs to innovation driven, spatial structure transforming from single to cluster development of urbanization, capital accumulation structure transforming from material capital to human capital, and local government governance structure transforming from development oriented to service oriented. In order to strengthen the capacity basis of high quality development and reconstruct the capacity structure of high quality development, it is necessary to further improve the promotion mechanism of high quality development, give full play to the leading role of new development concepts, standardize the behavior of local governments with the focus on seeking a balance between vitality and order, and form a high level talent cultivation system. In view of the increasing uncertainty and instability of the international environment, it is necessary to improve the response mechanism to resolve international obstruction in the process of high quality development and actively adapt to the evolution of the international environment.