任意时间尺度上的流域水热耦合平衡方程的推导及验证

本文通过量纲分析和数学推导得到能用于任意时间尺度上的水热耦合平衡方程,该方程含有唯一参数.利用我国位山实验站和俄罗斯西伯利亚Yakutsk实验站的通量观测数据进行的验证表明,该公式能很好地模拟月、旬和日时间尺度上的实际腾发量;利用黄河流域4个子流域的水文气象数据进行的验证表明,该公式能很好地模拟年尺度上的实际腾发量.位山站的数据分析还表明该方程中的唯一参数与叶面积指数有较好的线性关系.可以证明,该方程在长的时间尺度上与Budyko假设一致,在短的时间尺度上与Penman正比假设一致.

Derivation and validation of watershed coupled water energy balance equation at arbitrary time scale

An analytical coupled water energy balance equation at arbitrary time acale was derived by dimension analysis and mathematical derivation. The equation has only one parameter. The equation is validated by the flux observation data from the Weishan Experimental Station in China and the Yakutsk Experimental Station in Russia. It shows that the equation can estimate the actual evaportranspiration over differentent time scales, from monthly time scade to daily time scale. The water balance analysis on 4 catchments in the Yellow River Basin further verifies that it can well simulate the annual evaportranspiration. The further investigation reveals that the unique parameter is linearly related to the leaf area index. The equation is the same as the Budyko hypothesis at long term time scale and is the same as the Penman at short time scale.