知识资本、企业边界与组织结构

本文主要从知识收益的角度分析了知识收益对企业边界的影响。首先定义了两种不同的知识收益——私人收益和集体收益。知识学习的两种收益对于企业来说是同时存在的、又是相对的,企业面临着知识学习的私人收益和集体收益最大化的选择。接着论述了不同的组织结构形态与知识收益的关系。其中,企业组织对应着对知识学习的集体收益的最大化,市场组织对应着对知识学习的私人收益的最大化,网络化组织则是对知识学习的集体收益与私人收益的综合考虑。最后,得出企业和市场并没有本质区别的结论,无论是企业、市场,还是介于企业与市场之间的网络组织都只是追求知识收益最大化的结果,企业、市场和网络组织在一定的条件下是可以相互替代的。

Knowledge-learning, knowledge-profit and organization structure

In this paper,we mainly analyze the effect of knowledge-profit on the enterprise boundary.First,we define two different kinds of knowledge earnings-private benefits and collective benefits.Two kinds of benefits exist to businesses at the same time.Enterprises face to maximize the total value of private benefits and collective benefits.Then,we discuss the relationship between profit of knowledge and organization structure.The enterprise organization corresponds to the maximization of collective profit,the market organization corresponds to the maximization of private benefits of learning,and the networking organizations maximize total value of the two benefits.Finally,we conclude that there is no essential difference among business,market and network organization.They are the results of profit maximization of knowledge-learning,and enterprises,markets and networks can be mutually replaced atsome conditions.