秦国、秦朝实行郡县制的原因探析

汲取周朝实行分封制导致分裂与动乱的教训,以及为了应对来自外部、内部的种种挑战,秦国果敢地选择了郡县制。秦朝采用郡县制是其政治制度客观限定的结果,既有为了加强对六国故地及边远地区政治控制的原因,也有秦始皇及其下属政治家个人的原因。秦国秦朝实行郡县制,适应了当时生产力和生产关系的发展,体现了历史的合理性和科学性,实践结果是利大于弊:秦国实行郡县制,为秦国的富强和兼并统一作出了制度保障;秦朝实行郡县制,大大巩固和稳定了秦朝中央集权统治和全国统一。秦国秦朝郡县制奠定了中国地方政治行政体系的基础,构建了两千多年中央集权封建王朝的基本框架,而郡县制支撑的国家民族统一的思想一直深深地影响着后世。

Discussion on the Reasons for Implementing Prefectures System in Qin Dynasty

The reasons of Qin put into action on the prefectures system unavoidably are the lessons of Chou dynasty's division and turbulence,the challenges of inside and outside,the Shang Yang Reform.Qin adopted the prefectures system is the result of political system limite,the perpose of this system is to strengthen political control on original places of six countries and remote areas,is to restrict a Emper of Chin and other politicians for personal reasons.Qin dynasty was implementing prefectures system,it is adapt to the productive forces and production relations at the time of development,reflects the history of rational and scientific,practice results are more advantages than disadvantages: Qin implement prefectures system,to made the system protection of unify six countries;Qin implement prefectures system is greatly strengthen and stabilize the centralized rule of the Qin Dynasty;Qin implementation of jun xian system to develop powerful country and to consolidate unity country.Qin's prefectures system is basis of the China's local political administrative system,is to construct the basic framework of a centralized feudal dynasty more than 2000 years,and the prefectures system support the idea of national unity has been deeply affected future generations.