河北承德市土地利用变化研究

针对承德市土地利用存在结构不合理、后备资源不足、经营粗放、生态环境恶化等问题,文章使用承德市2007~2015年统计年鉴以及土地利用变更数据等,通过定量与定性分析结合的方法,分析承德市的土地利用现状、土地利用结构以及土地利用速度变化。并借助主成分分析方法,分析承德市建设用地的驱动因素。结果表明:(1)土地利用现状具有开发程度适中、比例分配合理特征;(2)土地利用结构方面,农用地变化不大,耕地面积有所减少,园地、林地增幅较大,建设用地增长幅度也较大;(3)土地利用程度方面,承德市土地利用程度变化不大,总体来说呈现增强态势;(4)土地利用变化速度方面,水域、水利设施占地以及交通用地变化较大,耕地和草地变化程度较小;(5)土地利用变化的主导因素是经济发展、人口以及城镇化。由此提出调整土地利用结构,优化土地利用布局,提高耕地质量,转变土地经营方式,建设水土保持工程等措施,以促使土地利用生态化利用及土地可持续发展。

ANALYSIS OF LAND USE CHANGE IN CHENGDE CITY OF HEBEI

Aiming at the problems in land use in Chengde city, such as unreasonable structure, lack of reserve resources, extensive management, and the deterioration of ecological environment, this study analyzed the land use status, structure, and development speed through a combination of method of quantitative and qualitative analysis based on the 2007-2015 Statistical Yearbook in Chengde city and the data of land use change, and then analyzed the construction of Chengde city driving factors using the principal component analysis method. The results showed that: 1) the land use status was in a moderate degree and the distribution characteristics was reasonable; 2) agricultural land changed a little and the cultivated land reduced, however, the garden, woodland, and the construction land increased considerably; 3) the degree of land use was enhanced; 4) in terms of the change speed of land use, the water conservancy facilities and traffic land areas were fast, cultivated land and grassland were slow; 5)the dominant factors were economic development, population and urbanization. Finally, it suggested that it should adjust the land use structure, optimize the layout of land use, improve the quality and management of cultivated land, and construct water and soil conservation measures to promote the ecological land use and land utilization and sustainable development.