南方冬作区马铃薯发展趋势、区域格局与增产潜力

发展南方冬作区马铃薯对保障我国粮食安全和增加农民收入意义重大。2000～2008年,南方冬作区马铃薯播种面积和产量均稳定增长,但8省份趋势有所不同,广西发展尤为迅速。南方冬作区马铃薯进一步增产存在三方面有利因素:(1)冬闲田面积达733.3万hm2,广东、广西、云南、湖南四省闲田面积均超过133.3万hm2;(2)最为重要的3个技术瓶颈都与脱毒种薯培育和检测相关,相关科研正在加强;(3)马铃薯的种植收益远高于油菜,部分油菜耕地将改为种植马铃薯。

POTATO DEVELOPMENT TRENDS,REGIONAL PATTERNS AND YIELD INCREASE POTENTIAL IN SOUTHERN WINTER CROPPING DISTRICT

The development of potato plays an important role in ensuring food security and increasing farmer’s income in southern winter cropping district of China.From 2000 to 2008,the acreage and yield of potato increased steadily in the southern winter cropping districts,but the increase trend varied in southern 8 provinces of which Guangxi province develop more rapidly than other provinces.There were three favorable factors to increase potato production:(1) Winter fallow fields area reached 733.3 hm2,and four provinces of Guangdong,Guangxi,Yunnan,Hunan had more than 133.3 hm2,respectively;(2) The three most important technical bottlenecks related to virus-free seed potato cultivation and inspection were being solved;(3) the potato cultivated land will increase because the rapeseed land will be changed to Potato land.