环境保护与贸易自由化的冲突及解决

自1990年以来,环境保护与贸易自由的关系问题就成了世界上最热门的话题之一。环境保护主义者认为是自由贸易导致了全球环境的不断加剧恶化,应限制自由贸易;而贸易自由主义者坚持只有自由贸易才能更有效地保护环境,应努力消除一切贸易壁垒,使贸易更加自由化。如何协调好自由贸易与环境保护之间的关系,成为人类面临的重大课题。通过环境保护与贸易自由化的经济学分析,可以得出结论:环境保护与贸易自由化二者可以协调发展。环境成本内部化是解决这一问题的重要手段。

On the Conflicts Between Environmental Protection and Free Trade

Since the 1990s, the relationship between environmental protction and free trade has become one of the hottest issues in the world. Environmentalists think it is free trade that is deteriorating the environment and should be restricted. Free trade advocators argue that only free trade can protect environment efficiently and more efforts should be made to ensure of a "freer trade". How to harmonize the relationship between environmental protection and free trade is becoming a world issue. Through the economic analysis we can reach a solution that environmental protection and free trade can be harmonized by means of cost internalization.