中国自动驾驶的公众接受度：量表开发与检验

自动驾驶是我国加快建设交通强国的重要引擎,也是发展可持续交通的主要领域。与所有新技术产品一样,自动驾驶在跨越早期市场与大众市场之间鸿沟的过程,不仅受技术创新的影响,更受到公众对自动驾驶接受度高低的影响。然而,现有关于自动驾驶公众接受度的研究在结构维度和测量工具上存在一定局限,使得现阶段实证研究缺乏系统性。基于此,本文通过对自动驾驶领域内54 名专业人员进行深度访谈,采用扎根理论对原始质性材料进行三级编码,归纳出中国自动驾驶公众接受度的4 个维度：个体心理属性、伦理道德与法律责任、出行相关属性和社会环境因素。通过对4 个维度进行量表开发,并运用SPSS 和AMOS 软件对问卷进行探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析检验,结果显示研究开发的中国自动驾驶公众接受度测量量表具有较高的信度效度水平,能够较为全面地反映自动驾驶汽车公众接受度的结构维度,完善了现有关于自动驾驶公众接受度测量量表缺失的不足,为后续开展中国自动驾驶公众接受度领域相关研究提供理论依据。

Public Acceptance of Autonomous Driving in China: Scale Development and Verification

Autonomous driving is an important engine for China to accelerate the construction of a strong transportation country, and also a major area for the development of sustainable transportation. Like all new technology products, the process of crossing the gap between the early market and the mass market for autonomous driving is not only influenced by technological innovation, but also by the level of public acceptance of autonomous driving. However, existing research on public acceptance of autonomous driving has certain limitations in terms of structural dimensions and measurement tools, resulting in a lack of systematic empirical research at this stage. Based on this, this article conducted in-depth interviews with 54 professionals in the field of autonomous driving, and used grounded theory to encode the original qualitative materials at three levels. It summarized four dimensions of public acceptance of autonomous driving in China: individual psychological attributes, ethical and legal responsibilities, travel related attributes, and social environmental factors. Through the development of the scale for four dimensions, and the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the questionnaire using SPSS and AMOS software, the results show that the scale for measuring the public acceptance of automatic driving in China has a high level of reliability and validity, can comprehensively reflect the structural dimensions of the public acceptance of autonomous vehicle, and improve the deficiencies of the existing scale for measuring the public acceptance of automatic driving, Provide theoretical basis for subsequent research on the public acceptance of autonomous driving in China.