中国劳资关系的城乡户籍差异

本文利用最近的企业和农民工调查数据探讨了劳资关系城乡户籍差异问题。城乡工人在劳资关系各方面的巨大差异源于两个方面 :一是人力资本水平差异和就业企业的差异 ;二是农民工受到的户籍歧视。研究结果发现 ,前者解释了两类工人劳资关系差异的 70 %— 80 % ,说明人力资本和企业状况是决定工人待遇的主要因素 ;后者解释了两类工人劳资关系差异的 2 0 %— 3 0 % ,户籍歧视所造成的差距同样是不容忽视的。除劳动合同方面外 ,农民工在工资、养老保险、医疗保险、失业保险以及工会参与等方面均遭到户籍歧视。研究结果暗示仅仅关注工资收入的城乡歧视是不够的 ,同时也为更全面的劳动力市场校正政策提供了经验支持

Urban-rural Huji Differentials in Chinese Labor Relations

Using newly corporation data and rural worker data, the paper explores the issue about the urban rural huji differentials in labor capital relations. This great gap results from two aspects: one is human capital disparities between urban rural workers and corporation disparities, which explains 70—80 percents of the total urban rural huji differentials in labor capital relations; the other is huji discrimination, which explains 20—30 percents of the total differentials. The research results indicate that rural workers suffer great discriminations in labor capital relations, such as wage, pension insurance, medical insurance, unemployment insurance, union members, and so on. This fact implies that if we only consider urban rural wage discriminations as many studies have ever done, we will certainly under estimate the actual welfare differentials between urban and rural workers. Furthermore, this study also provides empirical supports for more comprehensive labor market polices.