兰州鲇资源量的影响因素及自然种群恢复措施探讨

兰州鲇(Silurus lanzhouensis)属于中国特有世界濒危鱼类,仅分布在黄河中上游水域,由于黄河水域生态环境的破坏,兰州鲇资源量急剧下降。本文对该物种栖息水域环境质量状况、肌体受重金属污染状况及影响兰州鲇资源量的主要环境因素和种质因素进行了深入分析,提出了控制COD排放,治理Hg、Zn和Pb污染,加强渭河、沣河等黄河主要支流水域环境的综合治理,划定禁渔期和禁渔区,建立兰州鲇种质资源保护区和原种场,开展人工增殖放流等兰州鲇自然种群恢复的具体措施,以期为有效保护黄河濒危鱼类资源提供技术支撑。

The influence factors of the resource of an endangered flsh-Silurus lanzhouensis and the technique and measures of natural population recovery

Silurus lanzhouensis, distributed only in the upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River and unique to China, was an endangered fish in the world. Due to the destruction of the Yellow River water ecological environment, its＇ resources was felling sharply .In order to provide technical support for protecting endangered fish resources of the Yellow River effectively, through deep analysis of the habitat water environment quality condition of this species, the status of the body affected by the heavy metal pollution, and the main environment and germ plasm factors affecting the resources, this paper put forward concrete measures to recover the natural populations ofSilurus lanzhouensis, such as controlling the discharge of COD, governancing the pollution of Hg, Zn and Pb, strengthening the comprehensive treatment to the water environment of the Yellow River main tributaries, like the Wei river, Feng river, delimiting the spatial and temporal closures, establishing germ plasm resources reserve and seed stock station, carrying out artificial pronagation and releasing,etc