浙江产业集群的动力机制--基于企业家的视角

企业家对产业集群发展演变的影响不仅表现为其企业自身较好的经济绩效，更重要的是他们对地方主体产生的直接或间接的作用。浙江集群的案例表明，一方面，地方企业家的行为引发外部效应(即示范效应和竞争效应)，激励地方持续创新；另一方面，地方企业家通过创建地方产业网络，重新配置地方要素资源，并促进资源、技术与信息在整个地区的流动与传递。地方企业家联盟亦是重要的网络关系，可能导致竞争势力的强弱交替，并引发地区市场结构改变。内外企业家联盟(尤其是与海外投资商的联盟)是推动集群纵深演进的另一重要网络关系，他们共同推动集群技术水平提升、增强集群品牌效益，并引发浙江集群系统效应。

Dynamics of Industrial Clusters in Zhejiang Province--A Perspective on Entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs play an important role in industrial clusters, not only because of great economic performance of their firms, but because of the effects they exert on other members in the cluster consciously or automatically. The case of Zhejiang province shows, that local entrepreneurs' innovation can cause external effects of imitation and competition. Moreover, local entrepreneurs build up local network to decrease operating cost and increase production flexibility. Consequently, innovative ideas, new technology and other business secrets can be spread throughout the cluster speedly and smoothly, and local economic elements and resources are reallocated more efficiently. Besides, the alliances among local entrepreneurs change local market structure. And the alliances between local and nonlocal entrepreneurs promote the technology level of clusters, and make different clusters into a system.