外资进入、劳动收入份额与技能工资溢价——来自2008年服务业企业普查数据的经验分析

运用2008年第二次全国经济普查服务业企业数据，文章实证检验了外资进入对服务业企业劳动收入份额和技能工资溢价的影响。结果显示外资企业存在更高的劳动收入份额，且外资进入程度对当地企业的劳动收入份额存在正向的外溢效应。文章进一步将不同所有制类型与技能劳动力占比的交互项引入工资方程，发现外资企业存在更高的技能工资溢价。我们进一步验证了外资进入对当地劳动力市场技能工资溢价的影响。结果表明，在那些外资渗透率较高、市场竞争相对激烈的地区和行业，外资企业的技能工资溢价现象会产生溢出效应，促使当地企业提高对高技能员工的薪酬待遇。因此，在合理发挥服务业外资进入对收入分配优化效应的同时，也要采取相关措施防止其进一步拉大工资差距。

FDI Participation,Labor Income Share and Skill Wage Premium: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Census Data of Service Enterprises in 2008

Based on the service industry enterprise data of the second national economic census of China in 2008, this paper analyzes the impact of FDI participation on both labor income share and skill wage premium. The results indicate that foreign enterprises have a higher labor income share. Furthermore, FDI participation within the same industry and region has a positive spillover effect on domestic firms. By introducing the interaction of ownership types and skilled-labor share into the equation, we find that foreign enterprises have a higher skill wage premium. We further examine the spillover effect of foreign participation on the skill wage premium of local market, and find that the entry of foreign firms prompts the local enterprises to improve the wage of skilled employees. Therefore, we should capitalize the optimization effect of foreign participation on income distribution in service industry while taking relevant measures to prevent the widening wage gap.