美国对华直接投资对中国技术进步和产业竞争力的影响

20世纪90年代以来美国对华投资发展迅速,投资规模不断扩大,在华子公司引进技术的水平也呈不断提高态势。从美国对华投资的特点来看,其主要集中在技术密集型和资本密集型产业。而且,美国对华投资以市场寻求型为主,研发当地化以适应国内市场的需求就成为其必然选择。本文将在简述美国对华投资企业技术特点的基础上,分析其对中国技术进步以及产业竞争力提升的影响,为中国在引资过程中趋利避害提供理论参考。

Merican direct investment in China's influence on China technology progress and industry competitiveness

U.S.FDI in China has developed quickly from 1990s,and the scale o f investment has been enlarged continuously.At the same time,the level of tech nology that U.S.companies in china introduce has been enhanced gradually.As f or the characteristic of U.S.FDI in China,the firms concentrate in technology-intensive industry and capital-intensive industry.And U.S.FDI in China is mostly market-searching kind,so it's necessary to take R&D locally for domest ic market.This article will at first analyze the technology characteristics of U.S.company in China,then analyze how U.S.FDI in China affect technological progress and enhance industry competition capacity.Maybe it can provide theory reference for China to get benefit and reduce harm during the course of utilizi ng FDI.