国家科技重大专项的创新特征分析与协同创新体系构建

国家科技重大专项是_项通过组织创新、制度创新和管理创新来推动知识创新和技术创新的大规模系统性重大科技创新活动,其创新活动呈现出的多层次、多样化和多面性,决定了重大专项必须针对不同的创新活动建立与之适应的创新管理模式。通过详细梳理技术创新和创新管理模式的发展和演变,将技术创新分为3类:技术创新和非技术创新;个人/单个团队的创新活动、多个团队协作的创新活动和全行业/领域/社会参与的创新活动;独立创新、开放创新和协同创新。对典型的创新管理模式,即,独立创新、联合创新和协同创新等,进行了分析,并探讨了国家科技重大专项创新活动的特征,在此基础上,构建了国家科技重大专项协同创新体系,其创新体系的协同主要体现在3个层面:技术、组织管理和重大专项与外部环境。期望所做研究对国家重大专项的组织管理体系建设有所借鉴。

Analysis on Innovation Characteristic of the National S＆T Major Projects and Construction of the Collaborative Innovation System

The National ST Major Projects（NMP） is a great large-scale systematic science and technology innovation activities which aim to propel knowledge innovation and technology innovation by organizational innovation,system innovation and management innovation.The innovation activities is characterized by the multi-level,diversity and versatility,which makes it necessary to establish innovative management mode to adapt to different innovative activities.By the analysis of development and evolvement of technology innovation and innovation management mode,innovation can be classified into three categories,i.e.independent innovation,opening innovation and synergistic Innovation;technology innovation and non-technology innovation;innovation implemented by individual or one group,innovation implemented by several groups and innovation which the industry-wide or all society would participate in.Three typical innovation management modes are discussed.Based on the analysis of characteristics of innovation activities of the NMP,the synergistic innovation system of the NMP is constructed.This synergistic innovation system involves three aspects：technological synergy,organizational synergy and environmental synergy.The research result could be used for the construction of NMP＇s organization and management system.