中国城乡居民住房不平等分析

随着中国城镇住房分配体制的转型，居民的居住条件在很大程度上依赖于家庭的收入水平，因此不断扩大的收入差距也在无形中影响着住房的不平等状况。基于2002年和2013年的城镇和农村的住户调查数据，本文从住房面积和房产价值两个角度分析中国农村和城镇居民住房不平等的总体状况。研究发现，在住房市场化体制建立和发展的过程中，虽然从财产所有权上的住房均等化有所提升，家庭居住面积有了很大的改善，但人均居住面积分布的不均等程度却进一步扩大。房产价值的不平等分析表明，虽然这一时期居民的住房财富高速增长，但城乡内部和城乡之间的房产差距都急剧扩大。基于回归分解的方法考察住房财富不平等的影响因素后发现，区域差异、收入差异和人力资本是造成居民房产价值分布差距不断扩大的重要因素。

The Housing Inequality in China

Since the urban housing reform in 1988,the housing conditions of Chinese families rely highly on household income.Thus,along with the increasing income inequality,the housing inequality has also experienced dramatic changes.This paper discusses the housing inequality in China and its changes between 2002 and 2013.Overall,it is found that in the process of the market based housing reform,although the equity in housing is improved,the inequality in living space per household member is still increasing significantly during this period.Moreover,it is concluded that with the dramatic increase in housing wealth,the inequality in housing assets between and within urban and rural areas has also experienced a substantial increase.The results based on regression decomposition analysis further provide evidence that the rising housing inequality in China are largely driven by regional disparities,income inequality and human capital investment.