股份合作制嬗变的制度诱因与实践意义

在我国农村经济体制的历史变迁过程中，不能漠视股份合作制的历史贡献。股份合作制不是时髦的舶来品，而是我国特定的历史时期经济社会体制第一次转轨条件下的产物，由广大人民群众在改革实践中自我创造，具有广泛的社会经济基础。在当下，随着我国农村经济社会体制改革的进一步深化，以土地流转、农民市民化、新型城镇化为抓手的农村土地产权制度改革的局部试点和推进，日益凸显股份合作制企业股权固化、自我封闭、管理粗放、缺乏发展后劲等弊端，这些缺陷客观上也影响其体制绩效和改革红利的释放。实际上，股份合作制只能是一种过渡性的亚制度形态的选择方式，从完善的产权制度改革顶层设计来看，股份制才是我们经济生活的主流与进步方向。

Institutional Cause of Change in Joint Stock Cooperative System and its Practical Significance

Historical contribution of the joint stock cooperative system should not be ignored in the transition of China＇s rural economic institution. The stock cooperative system is not a fashionable import, but an outcome of the first social and economic transition in Chinese specific period of time, which was created in the practical reform by the broad masses of the peopleand thus has broad social and economic base. At present, as the rural social and economic reform further deepens, and local pilot and further promotion is underway in the reform of rural property right system, which starts from land transfer, citizenization of the peasants and the new type of urbanization, some disadvantage has become increasingly prominent such as crystallized stakes, self-isolation, extensive management and lack of capacity for future economic growth. These defects objectively influences the institutional performance and reform bonus release. Stock cooperative system, a sub-system, is actually a transitional choice. From the perspective of perfecting the top design in property right system reform, the shareholding system is the mainstream and direction in our economic life.