德国刑事诉讼审前程序评析

审前程序犹如刑事诉讼整个大厦的地基,如果没有科学的、合理性的建构,之后的诉讼程序将难以为继.以德国为代表的大陆法系国家,传统诉讼理念中强调对犯罪的控制,奉行“职权主义”的诉讼构造,普遍实行警检一体化,“起诉法定主义”和“卷宗移送主义”等法律制度.司法审查机制在我国刑事诉讼审前程序中的缺位造成我国刑事诉讼的重大结构性缺陷,因此,我们需要借鉴德国刑事诉讼审前程序运作的良性经验,反思我国的审前程序.

On The Criminal Pretrial Procedure of Germany

Crimina pre - trial procedure is just like the foundation of the whole criminal procedure. If it is not constructed scientifically and reasonably, it will be hard to continue the following procedures. Based on the consideration of controlling crime and the litigation notion that ＂the state outweighs the civil society＂, civil law countries represented by Germany stress the controlling of crime ,follow a litigious structure of ＂ ex officio doctrine＂ and implement the law doctrines of the police＇s investigation led by the procuratorates,＂ legally prescribed rosecution＂ and ＂ deportation of files＂ etc. The vacant of justice review in criminal pretrial procedure creates a great structure defect in criminal proceedings. So,we need borrow the operating benign experience of the Germany, consider criminal pre - trial procedure of our country.