工艺危害分析在带压拖动压裂工艺中的应用

带压拖动压裂技术是在井口有压力条件下,依靠专用设备和特殊工具所进行的不放喷、不反冲,带压拖动井内压裂管柱、缩短施工时间的油井水平井压裂新技术。带压拖动压裂工艺技术采取带压调整钻具的方法,缩短了压裂施工换层时间,降低了井控、环境风险,但施工过程中存在井口压力高、堵塞器失效、管柱易卡等风险,工艺尚不成熟。通过工艺危害分析对该新工艺进行风险危害分析与评估、实施相应的保护措施,确保了新工艺施工安全。

Application of Process Hazard Analysis(PHA) in the Pressurized Drag Fracturing Process

Pressurized drag fracturing technology is a novel horizontal well fracturing technology which involves the use of special equipment and instruments to drag the in-well fracturing string under high well-head pressure, and is characterized by no blowout, no knockback and shorter construction time. This technology adjusts the drilling tool under pressure, and thus the layer-changing time can be shortened, and the well-control and environmental risks be lowered. However, it still suffers a few drawbacks, i.e. the risks pertaining to the high well-head pressure, the malfunction of packers and the blocking of strings. This article evaluated the risk and hazards of this novel technology via process hazard analysis (PHA), and proposed feasible protection measures, which may contribute to its safe application.