美国的贸易保护:“国家利益”决定抑或“利益集团”导向——基于美国制造业的实证分析

在美国贸易保护政策的形成过程中,国家利益(或政府目标)以及国内利益集团都是重要的影响变量。对美国制造业贸易保护的实证分析表明,国家的核心利益或基本目标始终是决定贸易保护程度的主要变量,而美国国内利益集团对美国贸易政策的影响则是"边际性的";利益集团在很大程度上左右或影响美国对外贸易政策的观点,并没有得到来自制造业经验证据的支持。

U.S. Trade Protection: Directed by National Interest or Interest Groups

During the process of formulation, U.S. trade policy is simultaneously affected by two elements, namely the national interest or the target of the government, and the influence of the interest groups. The empirical evidence from the U.S. manufacturing shows that the national interest has a decisive effect on the U.S. trade protection policy, while the interest groups project only a limited influence on the policy. The viewpoint that the interest groups have greatly influenced U.S. trade policy is not suppor...