国际贸易对中国环境的影响——规模、结构和技术效应分析

本文根据1995～2008年制造业的污染排放和国际贸易数据,从规模、结构和技术效应分析了国际贸易对中国环境的影响。研究发现,虽然在某些污染密集型行业上中国具有出口优势,但随着新型国际分工的深化,进出口贸易结构越来越偏向于具有典型全球生产网络特征的"清洁"行业,使得国际贸易在结构效应上利于中国的环境,而环保技术上的大幅进步(技术效应),却是制造业在进出口贸易量激增的情况下并没有出现污染物大规模排放的最主要原因。

Trade Growth and China's Environment: Scale, Technique and Composition Effects

Based on the two data sources of international trade and China′s industry pollution emissions,this paper performes a growth decomposition exercises where the change in China′s manufacturing emissions is decomposed into scale,composition and technique effects.The paper shows that although China keeps competitive advantage on some pollution-intensity industries,under new international labor division,the structure of export and import have become more concentrated in cleaner industries.While international activity has increased drastically,manufacturing emissions were decreasing,it thanks to the adoption of cleaner production techniques and a small shift towards cleaner industries.