城市生活垃圾处理价格规制的比较分析:按量收费与回收补贴

对城市生活垃圾处理实施价格规制是政府应对"垃圾围城"时不容回避的现实选择。不同的价格规制会导致家庭在垃圾分类活动上的时间配置的差异,并引起不同的减量效应。减量效应是价格规制的收益,再对二者的规制成本进行分析,即可比较两种模式的有效性。结论认为,在我国现阶段民众环境意识不强、以及现有的弱监管环境下,回收补贴方式更具有适应性;按量收费对民众的影响及教育效应是一个长期显现的过程,其边际收益呈递增趋势;因此,从系统的、动态的视角来看,按量收费模式会成为我国城市生活垃圾价格规制的趋势所在。

A Comparative Analysis to the Price Regulation Tools of Urban Living Garbage Disposal: Unit-Pricing and Recycling Subsidies

It is an unevadable realistic choice for government to implement price regulation to garbage disposal in order to solve the problem of "Junk siege". The family will make different decisions on allocating time to classify and recycle garbage under two models of price regulation, which leads to different reduction effects. Reduction effect is considered to be the benefit of price regulation, and the regulation costs of two modes are compared follow, we can analyze the differences of their effectiveness. It is concluded that the environmental awareness of public is not strong and our current social environment of weak regulatory, the mode of recycling subsidy is more adaptive in our country. The influence of unit-pricing and its' function of education to households will appeared in a relatively long time and its' marginal returns is in the trend of increasing with time. From the respective of system and dynamic, it is concluded that the unit-pricing mode is the trend of price regulation to urban living garbage in our country.