超越市场失灵:产业政策理论前沿与中国启示

自国际金融危机爆发以来,西方发达国家普遍地出现了"重新思考产业政策"的热潮。在这种"产业政策的回潮"中,人们对"市场失灵"理论作为产业政策的理论基础所存在的缺陷提出了批评,进一步发展了系统失灵理论和能力理论等产业政策的新理论,并提出了企业家型政府理论,该理论认为,产业政策最重要的作用在于塑造市场和创造市场,而非修补市场失灵。文章认为,国外产业政策理论的这些新发展是以发达国家特别是以美国的产业政策实践为基础的,它不仅对产业政策只适合于追赶型经济的传统看法提出了挑战,而且也提出了如何认识发达国家产业政策的新类型或新工具的问题。产业政策理论及其实践的这些前沿问题对推进我国产业政策研究和改进我国产业政策实践都具有重要借鉴意义,文章从四个方面较深入地探讨了它对我国的相关启示。

Beyond Market Failure: Forefront Issues of Industrial Policy Theory and Its Enlightenment to China

Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, there was an upsurge called"rethinking industrial policy" in western developed countries. In this "backtracking of industrial policy", people criticized the flaws of industrial policy basing on "market failure" theory, and further developed new theories of industrial policy such as systematic failure theory and capability theory, and proposed entrepreneurial government theory which believes that the most important role of industrial policy is to shape the market and create markets, rather than repair market failure. This article believes that these new developments in foreign industrial policies are based on industrial policy practices in developed countries, especially in the United States. They not only challenge the traditional view that industrial policies are only suitable for catch-up economies, but also put up views that how to understand new types or new tools of industrial policies in developed countries. These forefront issues of industrial policy theory and practice are of great significance for advancing China's industrial policy research and improving China's industrial policy practice. This article has deeply explored its relevant enlightenment to China from four aspects.