Rural households’ participation in charcoal production in Zambia: Does agricultural productivity play a role? |
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| Institution: | 1. Oklahoma State University;2. Department of Community Sustainability Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1222, USA;1. Department of Urology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;2. Department of Medical Statistics and Biometry, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;3. Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany;1. Department of Urban Studies and Planning, California State University, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, United States;2. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Institute of Technology, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia;3. Chair of Urban and Regional Planning, Ethiopian Institute of Architecture, Building Construction and City Development (EiABC), Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 518, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;1. Simula Research Laboratory, Fornebu, Norway;2. National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China;3. University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway |
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| Abstract: | The study uses a nationally representative dataset of smallholder farmers in Zambia to determine the effect of agricultural productivity on households’ participation in charcoal production. An instrumental variable probit approach is applied to account for the endogeneity of agricultural productivity in household's charcoal participation decision. We find a negative and significant effect of agricultural productivity on household's likelihood of participation in charcoal production. Results also show that higher education, income, asset value, and participation in off-farm employment opportunities reduce the likelihood of participation in charcoal production. Therefore, interventions seeking to reduce charcoal production in rural Zambia could benefit from improving smallholder agricultural productivity, incomes, asset base, and off-farm employment creation. However, interventions need not lose sight of other important macro-level factors. |
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| Keywords: | Agricultural productivity Charcoal Forest Zambia |
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