Determinants of livelihood diversification: The case wildlife tourism in four coastal communities in Oaxaca,Mexico |
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| Institution: | 1. Circuito Mario de la Cueva, Ciudad de la Investigación en Humanidades, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico;2. Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Posdoctoral Fellowship Program, Circuito Mario de la Cueva s/n, Ciudad de la Investigación en Humanidades, Ciudad Universitaria, CP 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico;1. School of Hotel and Tourism Management, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong;2. Marriott Professor of Revenue Management, Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Pamplin College of Business, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA;1. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Red Ambiente y Sustentabilidad, antigua carretera a Coatepec no. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico;2. Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Red Ecología Funcional, antigua carretera a Coatepec no. 351, El Haya, Xalapa, Ver. 91070, Mexico;1. Wildlife Institute of India, Chandrabani, P.O. #18, Dehradun, 248001, Uttarakhand, India;2. Universalia Management Group, Montreal, 245 Victoria Avenue, Suite 200, Westmount, Quebec, H3Z 2M6, Canada;1. Center for Hospitality and Tourism Research, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Oklahoma State University, 365 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;2. The Cecil B. Day School of Hospitality Administration, J. Mack Robinson College of Business, Georgia State University, 35 Broad Street NW #215, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;3. School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Oklahoma State University, 365 Human Sciences, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA;1. Indian Ocean Tuna Commission, Victoria, Seychelles;2. University of Florida, Gainesville, USA |
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| Abstract: | Diversification is a process by which households increase the number of economic activities in different sectors to improve their well-being and chance of survival. The aim of this research is to study the determinants of livelihood diversification with a specific emphasis on wildlife watching in the coastal communities of Oaxaca, Mexico. Based on household surveys, two econometric models were used to examine the differences regarding the asset determinants for those households increasing the number of economic activities and those involved in wildlife tourism. The results reveal four common variables distributed between capitals and specify that average household age, environmental consciousness, characteristics of the land, membership or participation in an organization (cooperative) and government transfers are determinants of a household's diversification into wildlife tourism. Policy recommendations include focusing on households with young people, providing support for social capital and policy coherence to guarantee basic needs and tourism planning design. |
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| Keywords: | Diversification Wildlife tourism Mexico |
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