海宁方言语音特点概述

海宁方言以硖石话为代表，属吴语语系。至今保留着古代汉语语音的基本风貌。其主要特征体现在声母、韵母和声调三个方面。声母方面，一是辅音声母大多清浊相对，而且零声母也清浊相对；二是没有翘舌音。韵母方面，有大量的入声韵；圆唇音只有o一个，无ü打头的韵母；无前鼻韵an，无后鼻韵ing和eng，后鼻韵母ang分“前”“后”。声调方面为平、上、去、入四声；除了平声外，上、去、入都有清浊相对，如果细分的话，则有七种不同的声调：平，上、浊上，去、浊去，入、浊入。

An Overview of the Features of the Speech Sound of Haining Vernacular

Xiashi vernacular, typical of Haining dialect, belongs to the Wu language system. Little alteration has taken place to the speech sound where the basic features of ancient Chinese can still be found. Its main features concerning consonants are ： First, consonants are composed of voiceless and voiced ones. It＇s also true of Zero Consonants. Second, no utterances produced with rolled - up tongue can be found. Its main features concerning vowels are. First, there＇s a large number of vowels with falling tones ; and ＂o＂ is the only one uttered with round lips. There＇s no vowel begins with ＂ü＂, no front nasal vowel of ＂an＂, no rear nasal vowel of ＂ing＂ and ＂eng＂. The rear nasal vowel of ＂ang＂ can be classified into rear and front ones. There are four tones, flat, rising, rising - falling, and falling, which are same as the ancient speech sound system. Except the fiat, voiced and voiceless consonants can all be found in rising, rising - falling as well as falling tones. Seven separate tones can be found in Haining vernacular if it is further broken down, namely： flat, rising, voiced rising, rising- falling, voiced rising- falling, falling and voiced falling.