中国城市能源效率差异特征及影响因素分析

本文运用1995—2006年中国210个主要地级市的面板数据,首先采用DEA模型测算了城市全要素能源效率,然后分析了城市全要素能源效率差异特征,结果显示,城市能源效率变动趋势呈现四个较为明显"倒U型"特征,城市间差距扩大转折点出现在2000年左右,而地区间城市差距存在一定的趋同性。城市能源效率水平并不稳定,低效率高投入城市将是节能减排的重点。本文最后采用Tobit模型分析了资源禀赋、平均气温、产业结构、技术水平及各类政策因素与能源效率之间的关系,回归结果说明,应区别对待不同因素在不同条件下引起能源效率变化的影响。

A STUDY ON THE REGIONAL DIFFERENCE OF CHINESE URBAN ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS

With the panel data of main Chinese 210 prefecture-level cities in 1995—2006,this paper measured Total Factor Energy Efficiency using CRS-DEA model and described the features of regional differences.The results shows changing trends of urban energy efficiency displayed 4 "inverted U" characteristics,a widening gap occurred in 2000 between cities.Low efficiency and high input cities will be the focus of energy-saving.Finally,We use Tobit model to regress energy efficiency and resource endowment,temperature,industrial structure,technological and variety of policy factors,the results indicate that different factors should be treated differently in different situations.