武汉市征地过程中的土地增值测算

研究目的：分析征地过程中土地增值及其来源，为合理分配土地增值收益，保障农民权益提供理论依据。研究方法：实证研究。研究结果：在征地过程中，武汉市各区域的土地增值及分配差异明显，主城区的土地增值额、自然增值额和人工增值额均高于近郊区；除江夏区，其他区域的农民和农村集体经济组织参与了土地增值的收益分配，而江夏区农民和农村集体经济组织仅得到原农业用途的补偿。研究结论：规范的土地市场与完善的政府职能有利于消除市场失灵和政府失灵导致的扭曲土地价值增值；明确土地增值来源，有利于土地增值收益在农民、农村集体经济组织、各级政府和开发商中的合理分配。

Calculation of Land Incremental Value in the Process of Farmland Acquisition in Wuhan

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the land incremental value and its source in the process of land acquisition and offer the theoretical basis for the rational distribution of land incremental income and the protection of peasants’ rights. The method of empirical analysis is employed in this paper. The results indicate that in the process of land acquisition, the differences between land incremental value and its distribution are obvious in each district of Wuhan City. It also shows that the land incremental value, including natural increment and social increment, in main urban area are higher than that of the suburban areas. Most peasants and rural collective economic organizations in Wuhan City have engaged in sharing the distribution of land incremental value except Jiangxia district, in which the peasants and rural collective economic organizations have only shared the compensation depends on the original agricultural use of farmland. It is concluded that the regulated land market and well-defined governmental function are helpful for the elimination of the distorted land increment value that caused by market and government failures. Furthermore, it is helpful to find the source of land incremental value in order to rationally distribute land increment revenue among peasants, rural collective economic organizations, government at all levels, as well as urban developers.