中国社会资本的类型、结构与特征探析

在分析归纳社会资本基本内涵的基础上,从中国家文化的角度对中国社会资本的类型、结构和特征进行初步分析,认为社会资本本质上是人际关系网络及其与之相关的信任和规范的统一体,其核心是人际关系网络。中国社会资本可区分为家族社会资本、泛家族社会资本和制度化社会资本,它们呈现一种分层的内外有别的"差序结构",其基本特征是家族社会资本和泛家族社会资本丰富,而制度化社会资本则相对不足。具体表现为家族信任度高、社会信任度低、家族规范作用广泛、社会规范不完善、家族或泛家族人际关系网络发达、社会人际关系网络欠发达。

A Probe into the Forms,Structures and Features of Social Capital in China

The paper is aimed to analyze the forms,structures and features of social capital in China based on identifying the definition of the social capital.It is concluded that the social capital is the combination of the relation networks,norms and trust,with the relation networks at the core.The social capital in China may be divided into family social capital,pan-family social capital and institutional social capital and forms differential structures,and its features are that family social capital and pan-family social capital are abundant but institutional social capital is relatively not enough.The specific performances are high-degree family trust,low-degree social trust,extensive role of family norms,imperfect social norms,highly developed family or pan-family relationship networks,and underdeveloped social relationship networks.