民事执行监督体系之三维

在新民诉法中引入民事执行检察监督,究其立法本意,应为在不断完善现有执行救济制度,强化法院内部监督的基础上,将民事执行检察监督确定为执行监督的第三维度,以期建立理想的民事执行监督体系,最终实现促进民事执行的依法有序运行。在现有的民诉法程序中,我们不能忽视民事执行与执行救济的双向互动与利益平衡,即便现有的执行救济因立法不完善而相对于民事执行处于弱势地位,也不能否认执行救济对法院民事执行的监督作用。同时,我们也不能以检察监督的引入为目的,全盘否定已经成效明显的执行体制改革,而应当支持其不断完善并在检察监督实践过程中充分利用这种比较成熟的内部监督机制。最终笔者认为,在民行执行监督体系中,还是应以包括执行救济在内的执行程序自身的完善作为核心之维。

Three-Dimensional of the Civil Execution Supervision System

Trying to construct an ideal civil execution supervision system, the legislators introduce the civil execution procuratorial supervision in execution remedy, court internal supervision and the civil execution procuratorial supervision. The ultimate concern is to promote the court civil execution of benign and orderly operation. We should not ignore two-way interaction and balance between civil execution and execution remedy, even if the existing execution remedy stands the weak position relative to the civil execution because of imperfect legislation. We cannot deny the supervision role of execution remedy on civil execution. At the same time, we can not deny the execution system reform in order to introduce the procuratorial supervision, but continuously improve and make full use of the mature internal supervision mechanism in the procuratorial supervision practice. The author thinks the implementation of the execution program including execution remedy should be the core dimension in the civil execution supervision system.