政府环境规制下的企业行为研究

企业的目标是追求自身利益的最大化,如果没有任何外部性,那么企业的收益与社会福利是一致的。如果企业生产存在负外部效应(环境污染),那么企业对福利的贡献将受到影响。因此,政府的作用就在于控制企业的环境污染并使社会福利最大化。利用库恩—塔克条件得知:在缺乏环境规制情况下企业生产表现出污染加重、资源浪费、效率低下等特征;如果存在环境规制,企业生产则趋向于生产规模适度、生产要素配置最优、社会福利水平最高等特征;并且从无环境规制(弱规制)到有环境规制(强规制),分别在时间和空间两个维度,指出企业的应对模式有积极模式和消极模式两种。

Enterprise Behavior Under Governmental Regulation

Enterprise objective lies in the pursuit of profit maximazation.Withont outside regualtion there will be the competibility between enterprise earnings and social wellbeing.But once enterprise causes negative outside effects(e.g.envirenmental pollution),enterprise may decrease the contribution.In this case sovernment need regulate enterpise from environmental pollution to seek the maximum social wellbeing.Under Kuhn-Tucker conditions,this paper concludes that without governmental environmental regulation enterprise production usually causes serious pollution,resource waste,and lower efficiency.However under the environmental regulation there will be moderate production scale,optimal resource configuration,and maximum social welfare.From the dimension of both time and space,enterprise response to the regulation both positively or negatively.