以多层生态战略破解先发者主导优势：以EDA为例

在集成电路产业超过半个世纪的发展历程中,电子设计自动化软件（EDA）应运而生并随着技术进步和产业分工不断演化和发展,成为今天贯穿集成电路全流程和驱动摩尔定律不断延续的基础支撑工具。尽管表现出极端重要性,但电子设计自动化软件的总体市场规模较小。从当前市场结构来看,美国企业处于先发优势和寡头垄断地位,我国在这一领域发展相对滞后且在美国打压背景下发展严重受限,这也成为我国集成电路产业被“卡脖子”的关键领域。在后发者突破先发者主导优势获取发展机会的过程中,电子设计自动化软件领域要尤其重视产业生态的参与和重构,通过在创新生态、产品生态、产业生态和国际竞争生态中实施多层生态战略,逐步构筑起后发企业的生态位优势,驱动电子设计自动化软件的高质量发展。基于生态赶超和发展的目标,未来在支持电子设计自动化软件发展过程中,应当在顶层设计、系统设计、产权保护等方面发挥国家的力量,同时强化在人才和基础创新中的短板,主动融入全球产业生态。

Crack the Dominance of First Movers by Multi-Layer Ecological Strategy in the Field of EDA

During the development of the integrated circuit(IC) industry, electronic design automation (EDA) emerged and developed with technological progress and industrial division of labor. EDA has become the basic support tool that runs through the entire process of IC and drives the continuation of Moore''s Law. Due to the small market size of EDA, it shows the oligopoly of the first-mover companies from US. Although it is extremely important, the development of this field in China is relatively lagging behind and has also become a key area where China''s IC " Stuck neck link". In the process of the latecomers breaking through the dominant advantages of the first movers to obtain development opportunities, it is essential to pay special attention to the participation and reconstruction of the industrial ecology. Through the implementation of multi-layer ecological strategies in innovation ecology, product ecology, industrial ecology and international competition ecology, we can gradually build up the niche advantages of late-comer enterprises and drive the high-quality development of EDA. Focusing on the goal of ecological catch-up and development in the future, in the process of supporting the development of EDA, the power of the country should be exerted in the aspects of top-level design, system design, and property rights protection, and at the same time strengthen the shortcomings in talents and basic innovation and integrate into the global industrial ecology.