农业生产性服务业对农业生态效率的空间效应研究

目的]农业可持续发展的关键在于农业生态效率的提升,基于“双碳”现实背景,将农业碳吸收与农业碳排放同时纳入农业生态效率的评价指标体系,研究农业生产性服务业对农业生态效率的空间效应。方法]文章运用Super-SBM模型测度2000—2019年中国30个省（市、自治区,不含港澳台、西藏地区）农业生态效率并分析其时空演变特征,通过建立空间杜宾模型以探讨农业生产性服务业对农业生态效率的空间效应。结果]样本研究期内,中国农业生态效率均值介于0.8～0.9,九大区域农业生态效率整体波动幅度较小,分区域呈现出“W”和“M”型两种时间变化态势,区域差异逐步缩小。农业生产性服务业对农业生态效率具有明显促进作用,且存在正向溢出效应,溢出效应超出直接效应。结论]考虑农业碳吸收属性,中国整体农业生态效率处于较高水平,但未达到完全有效状态,仍有改进空间。应通过大力发展农业生产性服务业,加强区域合作,克服区域间要素的投入与产出的冗余,充分发挥溢出效应对区域间农业生态效率水平的拉动作用。

STUDY ON THE SPTIAL EFFECT OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTIVE SERVICES ON AGRO-ECLOGICAL EFFICIENCY

The key to sustainable agricultural development lies in the improvement of agricultural eco-efficiency. Based on the reality of "double carbon", the impact of agricultural carbon absorption and agricultural carbon emission on agricultural eco-efficiency is studied by incorporating agricultural production service industry into the evaluation index system. The Super-SBM model was used to measure the agricultural eco-efficiency of 30 provinces (cities, autonomous regions, excluding Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and Tibet) in China from 2000 to 2019 and analyze its temporal and spatial evolution characteristics. The spatial effect of agricultural productive services on agricultural eco-efficiency was discussed by establishing a spatial Durbin model. The results were indicated as follow. During the sample study period, the average value of China''s agricultural ecological efficiency was between 0.8 and 0.9.The fluctuation range of agricultural eco-efficiency in the nine regions was relatively small, showing two temporal changes of "W" and "M" in different regions, and the regional differences were gradually narrowing. The agricultural productive service industry had a significant role in promoting agricultural ecological efficiency, and there was a positive spillover effect, which exceeded the direct effect. Therefore, considering the attributes of agricultural carbon absorption, China''s overall agricultural ecological efficiency is at a high level, but it has not yet reached a fully effective state, and there is still room for improvement. We should vigorously develop agricultural productive services, strengthen regional cooperation, overcome the redundancy of input and output of inter-regional factors, and give full play to the effect of spillover effects on the level of inter-regional agricultural ecological efficiency.