Human capital and the pre-Famine Irish emigration to England |
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| Institution: | 1. Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;2. Aarhus University, Department of Bioscience, Ole Worms Allé 1, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;1. Otho Smith Professor of Economics, University of Mississippi, Box 1848, University, MS 38677, USA;2. Department of Economics, Boston College, 140 Commonwealth Avenue, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA;1. Department of Economics, Naamsestraat 69, KU Leuven 3000, Belgium;2. KU Leuven, Belgium;3. University of St. Gallen, Switzerland;4. University of Munich, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This paper analyzes the human capital resources of pre-Famine Irish emigrants to England. The data source comprises over 16,000 Irish and English convicts transported to New South Wales between 1817 and 1839. The convict indents distinguish between those convicts transported directly from Ireland (the stayers) and those Irish-born transportees convicted and sent from England (the emigrants). A comparison of the skill, literacy, and age characteristics of the stayers and emigrants suggests that Ireland lost skilled workers in the pre-Famine period. A logit micromigration model confirms the “brain-drain” hypothesis for Irish workers emigrating to Britain. Finally, the human capital of the Irish emigrants is found to compare favorably with that of the native English workers transported to Australia. |
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