China Speaks Out: How and Why Chinese Employees Use Their Voice toward German Managers |
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Authors: | Annette Metz Marjaana Gunkel |
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Institution: | 1. Universal Centre ‐ Unit 104 175 Xiang Yang Road South 200031, Shanghai, PR China;2. Free University of Bozen/Bolzano, Universitaetsplatz 1, 39100 Bolzano, Italy |
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Abstract: | Existing management literature on voice has primarily focused on examining who uses their voice and when it is used, ignoring why employees speak out and how they do so. We examine the conditions under which Chinese employees use their voice toward their German managers at German companies in Mainland China. The findings from our empirical study emphasize the importance of Chinese employees' personal identification with their German managers as a precondition for voice behaviors. Our results suggest that Chinese employees utilize indirect voice behavior in addition to direct voice behavior when interacting with their German managers. This indirect guanxi‐voice behavior has neither been recognized nor investigated in the literature. The theoretical and managerial implications of the results are discussed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. |
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