宋代民间助学述论

宋代教育发达，但其教育投入却相当有限，因此两宋文化的极盛很大程度上实有赖于民间对教育的支持与资助。这种资助既有面向学校的赡学与建学，也有面向举子个人的捐助赴试费用。总体上看，宋代民间助学表现为典型的“官倡民助”模式，且捐助风气南宋浓于北宋，捐助方式以产业捐助为主，且呈现出明显的地域差异性。宋代民间助学对今天的启示是民闻助学的热情需要官方调动和引导，助学的方式应以产业助学为主，以保证助学的长期、持续性，而且营造良好的民间助学氛围是政府的重要责任。

Summarization and Discussion about Nongovernmental Activity to Assist the Impoverished Schools and Students in the Song Dynasty

The Education in the Song Dynasty was flourishing; however the investment to education was rather limited. Thus the culture flourishing in the Song Dynasty depended on the support from the civil to a great extent. The supports are both to the School and to the individual. In general, nongovernmental activity to assist the impoverished students in the song dynasty had the model that launched by the officers and the people responded. The social mode to willing to assist the impover- ished students was more popular in the Northern Song Dynasty than in the Southern Song Dynasty. The mode of support to ed- ucation mainly was estate. The nongovernmental activity to assist the impoverished schools and students in the Song Dynasty reveals that the people＇s devotion to support education needs to be inducted, the mode of support should be the estate.