新疆某隧洞开挖TBM卡机原因及脱困处理措施

新疆某输水工程T4勘探试验洞开敞式TBM掘进通过F304断层时出现设备卡机现象。根据超前地质预报结论并结合现场断层破碎带物质成分观察分析,得出卡机的原因为:现场破碎带为碎裂结构松散岩体,呈强风化,局部节理裂隙含断层泥,洞室不能自稳,隧洞掌子面塌方破碎岩石挤压抱死刀盘产生的摩擦阻力大于TBM刀盘驱动旋转扭矩,而使刀盘无法转动。针对F304断层破碎带的影响区域及TBM设备支护系统的施工范围提出了切实可行的TBM脱困措施,并总结了刀盘脱困启动和后续掘进时应注意的一些参数和事项,以期为日后施工过程中有效规避或及时处理不良地质洞段以保证TBM顺利通过提供施工经验,也为其他TBM设备出现类似卡机问题提供借鉴。

Causation of TBM jamming and its releasing treatment measures during tunneling of a tunnel in Xinjiang

The open TBM for excavating the T4 geological exploration test tunnel for a water conveyance project in Xinjiang is jammed during passing through the F304 fault therein. In accordance with the conclusion of the advanced geological prediction and combined with the observation and analysis of the material contents of the in situ fault-fracture zone，it is indicated that the in situ fracture zone consists of friable rock mass with fractured structure and exhibits strong weathering，while local joint fissures therein contain fault gouge，thus the tunnel cavern cannot be self-stabilized; from which the frictional resistance from the locking of the cutter-head caused by the extrusion of the fractured rock from the collapse at the excavating face is larger than the driving rotation-torque of the cutter-head and then leads to that the cutter-head cannot rotate. The feasible measures for the TBM jamming releasing are put forward herein for the impacting area of the F304 fault-fracture zone and the construction range of the supporting system for the TBM，while some parameters and matters those necessary to be paid attention to during starting the jamming releasing of the cutter-head and the successive tunneling are summarized，so as to provide some construction experiences for how to effectively avoid and treat the tunnel section with poor geological condition and then ensure smooth passing through of TBM，moreover，provide references for the treatment of the similar jamming from the other TBM equipment as well.