科学社会学理论视角下科技社团治理有效性评价与检验

以治理目标为导向的结果有效作为评价重点，依照科学社会学中的科学二分法理论，结合典型文献构建具体评价指标体系，并对其进行检验与实证分析。主要结论如下：第一，科技社团治理目标的实现程度正向显著影响组织社会影响力与满意度水平；第二，当前我国科技社团总体治理有效性水平处于起步阶段，科技传播能力较强，但科技服务能力明显偏弱，且学会之间存在分化现象。其中，医科类较好，交叉学科则表现欠佳；第三，我国科技社团治理改革内在驱动力不足，政策效用与行政干预现象较明显。事实上，行政干预力量最弱的科技社团，其治理有效性水平反而最高。当前，治理转型的突破口集中在挂靠到事业单位的科技社团。

Evaluation and Test of the Governance Effectiveness of Science and Technology Communities based on the Theory of Sociology of Science

Taking the result effectiveness of governance goal-oriented as the evaluation key point, and based on the theory of "science dichotomy" and typical literature, a specific evaluation index system is constructed in this paper. Moreover, this evaluation index system is tested and empirical analyzed. Here are the main conclusions: firstly, the achievement of the science and technology communities' governance goals will positively and significantly affect the organizations' social influence and satisfaction level. Secondly, the overall governance effectiveness of science and technology communities in China is at the initial stage, and compared with S&T service capability, the S&T communication capability is much better. There is a phenomenon of differentiation among these science and technology communities, among which the medical disciplines are better, and the interdisciplinary performance is poor. Thirdly, the internal driving force of China's science and technology communities' governance reform is insufficient, and the effects of policy and administrative intervention are relatively obvious. However, the science and technology communities with weakest administrative intervention has the highest level of governance effectiveness. At present, the breakthrough of governance transformation focuses on the China's scientific and technological communities which are affiliated to public institutions.