基于Q方法的滨海民宿集聚区选址评价指标体系构建

构建滨海民宿集聚区选址评价指标体系是科学引导滨海旅游业转型发展和保护海岸生态环境的基础工作。从已有文献和专家访谈中提取55个滨海民宿集聚区选址评价候选指标,采用Q方法,构建了包括经济环境、旅游发展、平台条件、运营条件、地理环境以及支持设施等6个一级指标和22个二级指标的民宿集聚区选址评价指标体系。与已有研究比较,滨海与内陆民宿集聚区选址评价指标体系中的一级指标基本一致;由于滨海地区生态环境脆弱、用地矛盾更为突出,滨海地区“运营条件”“地理环境”等指标的权重明显高于内陆地区。评价体系一级指标中“经济环境”权重最大、“支持设施”权重最小,二级指标中“合理的旅游及相关规划”最为重要、“专业人才吸引力”权重最小,反映了滨海旅游发展的相对滞后性。本研究可为滨海地区旅游业发展布局、民宿集聚区选址开发和民宿从业者投资建设等决策提供参考。

The construction of evaluation index system for choosing coastal homestay inn cluster locations using Q method

Constructing coastal homestay inn cluster site evaluation index system is fundamental for leading the transformation and development of coastal tourism and the protection of coastal ecological environment. A total of 55 candidate indicators of assessing the coastal homestay inn cluster location were extracted from existed literature and expert interviews. Q method were used to construct a coastal homestay inn cluster location evaluation index system. This system contains six first-level indicators, including "economic environment", "tourism development", "platform conditions", "operation conditions", "geographic environment" and "support facilities", as well as 22 specific indicators. After comparing with the existing study, we found the first-level indicators for coastal homestay inn cluster location choice evaluation index system are basically the same with the ones of inland sites. Because of the fragile coastal environment and land usage conflict in coastal areas, "operating conditions" and "geographical environment" of the coastal sites weigh more than those of inland sites. Among the first-level indicators, "economic environment" weights the highest and "support facilities" weights the lowest. Among the second-level indicators, "rational plan of tourism and other industries" weights the highest while "attraction to professional talent" weights the lowest, revealing the comparative delay of coastal tourism development. This study can provide insights for coastal areas' planning on tourism development layout, location selection of homestay inn cluster, and the investing from homestay practitioners.