旅游乡村聚落生态保护行为决策的空间响应——以茶陵县卧龙村为例

生态空间是旅游型乡村聚落重要的功能空间,其格局变化可反映空间与行为的相互作用关系。本文选取特色旅游名村茶陵县卧龙村为研究对象,采用PRA(Participatory Rural Appraisal)方法研究聚落空间演变的基本特征,并利用遥感数据对其空间格局变化进行空间反演,根据不同时段各行为主体行为决策的空间响应差异,分析其生态保护行为决策与生态空间格局变化的关系。结果表明：乡村旅游开发后生态空间占用总量明显高于前40年之和,村民聚居地整体搬迁与旅游设施建设是生态空间占用量扩大的主要原因;乡村旅游兴起后,各行为主体的生态保护行为决策偏好值整体提升但有差异;旅游业发展和居民生活方式改变是各主体生态保护行为决策变化的主导因素,聚落空间演变也是主体行为决策的空间响应结果。研究成果可为旅游乡村的规划编制提供借鉴,也有利于根据各行为主体决策偏好制定差异化空间管控策略提供案例实践。

Spatial response and protection behavior decision in rural settlements of tourism: A case study in Wolong Village of Chaling County

Ecological space is an important functional space of tourism rural settlements, and the change of spatial pattern is a response to the interaction between space and behavior, which also leads to the difference in decision-making of different behavioral subjects. Wolong village in Chaling County was selected as a case study, PRA (Participatory Rural Assessment) and remote sensing data application was combined to conduct from spatial inversion with spatial pattern of rural settlements, and conduct preference and behavioral decision analysis of relevant protection subjects. The result shows that the total amount of ecological space occupied after the development of rural tourism was significantly higher than all of the previous 40 years. The overall relocation of villagers' settlements and the construction of tourism facilities were the main reasons for the expansion of ecological space occupied. With the development of rural tourism, the decision-making preference values of the ecological protection behavior of the actors are generally improved and also shown differences. The development of tourism and the change of residents' life style are the leading factors for the change of ecological protection behavior decisions of different agent, and also reflect with the spatial evolution of settlements. According to the decision-making preferences of different actors, different spatial control measures are proposed. This study will provide some reference for tourism rural planning and give a case practice of combining territorial space use control with ecological protection behavior.