生态旅游影响下女性居民社会网络的规模、连接与结构——以武陵源世界自然遗产地为例

以武陵源世界遗产地社区女性居民社会网络作为研究对象,通过问卷调查法和半结构访谈法,对武陵源区袁家界村、龙尾巴村和马儿山村女性居民采取抽样问卷、滚雪球式访谈等方法,进行定量数据与定性分析相结合的研究,对网络规模、网络中心性和网络密度的数据进行分析发现,武陵源世界自然遗产地不同位置社区女性居民的社会网络规模、社会网络连接和社会网络结构均存在明显差异,表明生态旅游的参与程度与女性居民的社会网络存在高度相关性,直接影响社会网络规模、连接和结构。生态旅游影响下女性居民的社会网络存在以下特征：（1）女性居民社会交往范围逐步扩大,社会网路规模明显增加;（2）女性居民社会关系逐渐多元化,社会网络关系连接日益丰富;（3）女性居民获得了异质性信息和资源,社会网络结构渐趋稳定;（4）女性居民旅游增权权益明显,推动女性社会网络不断优化。

Social network scale,connection, and structure of female residents influenced by ecotourism: A case of Wulingyuan World Natural Heritage Site

This study takes the social network of female residents in Wulingyuan world heritage site community as research object. Questionnaire survey and semi-structured interview were conducted. Quantitative data collected through sampling questionnaire and qualitative analysis using snowball interview were adopted to study the female residents in Yuanjiajie village, Longweiba village, and Maishan village in Wulingyuan district. Results from network scale, network centrality, and network density analysis show that the social network scale, social network connection, and social network structure of female residents in Wulingyuan world natural heritage site are significantly different, influenced by the degree of ecotourism development. The participation in ecotourism is highly correlated with the social network of female residents, which directly affects the scale, connection, and structure of social network. Under the influence of ecotourism, some conclusions can be drawn as follow: (1) the social communication scope of female residents has been gradually expanded, and the scale of social network has been significantly increased. (2) the social relations of female residents have been gradually diversified and the social network connections have been increasingly rich. (3) the female residents have obtained heterogeneous information and resources, and the social network structure is gradually becoming stable. (4) the tourism rights and interests of female residents are obviously enhanced, which promotes the continuous optimization of women's social network.