个人主义、利益分配与集体利益的实现条件

由理性个体组成的团体在怎样的情况下可以实现集体的利益?文章基于个人主义的方法论,从利益分配的视角推导了集体利益得以实现的一般条件。研究表明:作为社会状态"理想类型"的集体利益,其得以实现的条件依次可以表述为:分配冲突的公正解决、个体正义性条件、零贪婪激励、正义规则对贪婪的抑制与规则选择冲突的公正解决等五个方面。探索集体利益实现的一般原理对于如何选择和设计适当的制度以实现人类社会的理想目标具有重要的规范含义。

Individualism, Interest Distribution and the Condition for Realization of Collective Interest

On what condition the collective interest can be captured by the groups consist of rational individuals? Based on the methodology of individualism, this paper has made an inquiry into the general condition to realize the collective interest from the perspective of interest distribution. It shows, as for the collective interest as ideal type social state, that the condition can be expressed in turn by fair resolution of distributional conflict, individual justice, zero greed incentive, greed are effectively restrained by the rule and the resolution of conflict in the rule choice. The study on the general principle has significant normative implication for the choice and design of the suitable institution to realize the ideal target of human being.