国际石油体系的形成、发展与展望

近几十年来,国际石油体系一直存在并发挥作用,以市场为基础的自动调节机制在这一时期内是基本有效的.尽管国际石油市场经常出现波动,但是国际石油体系出现了合作与规范的特征.在统一的国际石油市场形成以后,国际石油体系各行为体在维护市场稳定方面更容易达成妥协和合作.在国际石油体系形成、发展并逐步完善的过程中,美国发挥了最重要的作用.依靠政治、经济、军事等全方位的优势,美国有效地主导着国际石油体系,并作为其全球战略的重要组成部分.在较长的时期内,国际石油体系仍将存在并发挥重要作用.国际环境和国情决定了中国的石油需求只能越来越多地依靠国际市场解决,积极参与国际石油体系是中国现实的选择.

Formation, development and outlook for the international oil system

For the last few decades, the international oil system has survived and worked, while the market-based automatic regulation mechanism has been effective. The international oil market was subject to frequent fluctuations, while the international oil system tends to be more cooperative and stable. After the formation of a unified international oil market, the actors in the international oil system are more likely to arrive at compromise and cooperation in maintaining market stability. During the formation, development and gradual improvement of the international oil system, the USA has played an important role. It enjoyed all-round political, economic and military advantages, and has effectively controlled the international oil system and incorporated the system into its global strategy. In the long term, the international oil system will continue to exist and play an important role. With such an international environment and national conditions, China has to satisfy its demand for oil by increasingly relying on the international market, so it is a realistic option for China to actively participate in the international oil system.