贸易结构与贸易溢出的技术创新效应

以三种专利授权量代理不同层次的技术创新能力,以进出口贸易中资本品或高技术品所占的比例衡量贸易结构。研究发现:贸易结构的变化显著影响我国的技术创新能力,但主要体现为实用新型和外观设计专利的增加,对发明专利的影响则不显著,并且这种贸易溢出的技术创新效应必须以国内技术吸收能力的同步提升为条件。因此,贸易溢出可以促进技术创新,但最根本的技术创新——技术发明还必须依靠自主研发。

Trade structure and the Innovation Effect of International Technology Spillover

Selecting INV,UM and ED patents to denote innovation capacity,choosing the ratio of capital goods or high-tech goods in trading goods to measure trade structure,this paper finds the change of trade structure obviously affects China’s innovation capacity,which is manifested by the increased volume of UM and ED patents,rather than INV patents.And,these innovation effects of international technology spillover must be conditioned on the rise of domestic technology absorption ability.Therefore,trade promotes international technology spillover and innovation,but the fundamental innovation——INV patents must be depended on domestic research and investment.