Empirical research on leisure and spiritual well-being: conceptualisation,measurement and findings |
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Authors: | Paul Heintzman |
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Institution: | 1. Leisure Studies, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canadapheintzm@uottawa.ca https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6603-4778 |
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Abstract: | ABSTRACTAs a follow-up to recent chapters that concluded there is little existing evidence for a relationship between leisure and spiritual well-being, this paper reviews existing empirical research studies on leisure and spiritual well-being: their conceptualisation of spiritual well-being, methodology used, spiritual well-being measurement instruments, sample size, and the research findings. In the last 20 years, there has been an expansion of empirical research on leisure and spirituality; however, research has focused on immediate spiritual experience, not spiritual well-being. Nevertheless, 18 studies focus on leisure and spiritual well-being. All but three studies concluded that leisure was associated with spiritual well-being or contributed to spiritual well-being. Three studies also discovered that leisure could detract from spiritual well-being. |
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Keywords: | Leisure spiritual well-being conceptualisation measurement research |
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