中国各地区城乡收入差距及其影响因素研究

本文基于1997—2008年中国31个省、直辖市、自治区的城乡居民收入数据的研究表明,各地区城乡收入差距沿东、中、西部递增。养老、医疗等转移支付收入对城乡居民收入差距的影响分析表明,转移支付收入并未起到缩小城乡收入差距的作用,其对城乡收入的贡献沿东、中、西部递减。对城乡收入差距的分析结果表明,除西藏外,其他地区的城乡收入差距在不断扩大。借鉴市场化指数的方法,构建了城乡收入差距的地区公平性指数。分析结果表明,我国城乡收入差距呈区域性特点。基于面板数据的研究表明,经济发展、财政偏向是城乡收入差距扩大的主要影响因素,市场化程度、财政分权、对外开放及金融发展等则因区域不同而对城乡收入差距的影响不同。

Research on Urban-Rural Income Gap of China's Regions and Its Influencing Factors

The research based on the income data of 31 provinces,municipalities and autonomous regions in China from 1997 to 2008 shows that the eastern and central and western region are in increasing order of regional urban-rural income gap.The analysis on the influence of transfer payment on urban-rural income gap indicates that the income of transfer payment widens the urban-rural income gap,and the eastern and central and western region are in increasing order of its contribution to regional urban-rural income gap.The research on the growth rate of urban-rural income gap indicates the urban-rural income gap keeps increasing.Through constructing the regional income equality index by the method of marketing index,the results show that the urban-rural income gap presents regional characteristics.The research based on the panel date shows that economical growth and financial bias widens urban-rural income gap in most of regions,and the impacts of marketing extent,fiscal decentralization,opening and financial development on urban-rural income gap are different in different regions.