Prospect and Markowitz stochastic dominance |
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Authors: | W -K Wong R H Chan |
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Institution: | 1. Risk Management Institute and Department of Economics, National University of Singapore, 1 Arts Link, Singapore, 117570, Singapore 2. Associate Dean of Science, Department of Mathematics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Abstract: | Levy and Wiener (J Risk Uncertain 16(2), 147–163, 1998), Levy and Levy (Manage Sci 48(10), 1334–1349, 2002; Rev Fin Stud 17(4), 1015–1041, 2004) develop the prospect and Markowitz stochastic dominance theory with S-shaped and reverse S-shaped utility
functions for investors. In this paper, we extend their work on prospect stochastic dominance theory (PSD) and Markowitz stochastic
dominance theory (MSD) to the first three orders and link the corresponding S-shaped and reverse S-shaped utility functions
to the first three orders. We also provide experiments to illustrate each case of the MSD and PSD to the first three orders
and demonstrate that the higher order MSD and PSD cannot be replaced by the lower order MSD and PSD. Furthermore, we formulate
the following PSD and MSD properties: hierarchy exists in both PSD and MSD relationships; arbitrage opportunities exist in
the first orders of both PSD and MSD; and for any two prospects under certain conditions, their third order MSD preference
will be ‘the opposite of’ or ‘the same as’ their counterpart third order PSD preference. By extending the work of Levy and
Wiener and Levy and Levy, we provide investors with more tools to identify the first and third order PSD and MSD prospects
and thus they could make wiser choices on their investment decision. |
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