我国农作物秸秆还田的研究脉络和趋势探析基于CiteSpace知识图谱

目的 农作物秸秆还田是实现农业废弃物资源化利用的重要举措,厘清我国秸秆还田领域的研究脉络与变迁,把握研究现状与热点,探析研究前沿与趋势,为秸秆还田的实践提供重要理论指导。方法 文章基于CiteSpace可视化软件,定量分析中国知网（CNKI）数据库1998—2020年1 677篇“秸秆还田”研究文献。结果 农作物秸秆还田领域研究经历缓慢发展、井喷增长、波动攀升3个阶段,聚焦还田秸秆腐解与培肥地力、秸秆还田农作物营养与种植技术等五大热点;高产作者以宁堂原等为代表,呈单线或团队合作;发文机构以科研院所和农业类高等院校为主,科研院所研究成果卓越,农业类高等院校更具研究潜力,机构多方合作不紧密;突现词预示土壤结构修复与土质改良等秸秆还田潜力以及土壤监测与治理为研究趋势。结论 未来,秸秆还田研究覆盖面要突破传统局限,拓展多种作物的还田理论与实证研究;秸秆还田应因地制宜,以地域单元的还田系统为研究重点;加强研究内容可行性和持续性,农作物秸秆还田不仅要“好用”,更需“有用”。

THE RESEARCH EVOLUTION ROAD AND TREND OF CROP STRAW RETURNING IN CHINABASED ON THE CITESPACE KNOWLEDGE MAP

Returning crop straws to the field is an important measure to realize the resource utilization of agricultural waste. In this paper, CiteSpace visualization software was used to quantitatively analyze the 1 677 "straw returning" documents in the CNKI database from 1998 to 2020. To provide theoretical guidance for the practice of straw returning, this research clarified the evolution road and changes of domestic crop straw returning, grasped the current research status and hotspots, and explored the frontiers and trends of research. The results were listed as follows. Firstly, the research on straw returning had experienced three stages: slow development, blowout growth, and fluctuating rise. It focused on five hotspots such as straw decomposition and soil fertility, and crop nutrition and planting technology. Secondly, the high-yield authors were represented by Ning Tangyuan etc. and the cooperation mode was expressed as a single line or team. The publishing institutions were mainly included scientific research institutes and agricultural university. Scientific research institutes had abundant research resources and excellent research results and agricultural universities had more research potential, but various institutions were not closely cooperating with each other. Thirdly, burst words indicated the soil structure restoration, soil improvement and soil monitoring management were research trends. So, in future, the coverage of the research on straw returning will break through the traditional limitations and expand the theory and empirical research of various crops returning; according to local conditions, carry out the research of straw returning on a regional basis; strengthen the feasibility and sustainability of the research content. Straw returning must not only be easy to use but also useful.