论两种规模经济：专业规模经济和综合规模经济

当前国际上出现了一种“企业规模无关论”的新观点,与我国目前盛行的“唯规模经济论”截然相反。笔者以为,上述两论都失之片面,正确的理论是在承认的前提下,将规模经济分为两类:专业规模经济和综合规模经济。前者因专业化分工效应而扩大产销规模与市场份额;后者因企业(集团)内部协调成本小于市场交易成本而获得效应。随着市场发育和市场交易成本下降,拥有专业规模经济的企业集团,比之拥有综合规模经济的企业集团更能适应市场的变化与竞争。

On Two Kinds of Scale Economy:Professional Scale Economy and Comprehensive Scale Economy

a new point of view comes forth of " independent of the scale of enterprise" in many countries, which is poles a-part with the " only the scale economy" theory that is prevailing in our country. The penman thinks that the two theories above are both unilateral. We should take the scale economy as two parts; the professional scale economy and the comprehensive scale economy in the precondition of approbation. The former enlarges the scale of production and sale and the share of the market because of the domino effect of specialistic division of works; the latter gains the domino effect because the cost harmonized inside the enterprise is less than the business cost in the market. When the market is developing and the business cost in the market is lower, the enterprises which own the professional scale economy are more adaptive to the changes and the competition in the market than the enterprises owning the comprehensive scale economy.