基于逆向研发外包的装备制造企业突破性技术创新影响因素研究

本文采用多案例扎根理论的方法归纳了研发合作、设立海外研发中心和海外并购三种逆向研发外包方式下,装备制造业实现突破性技术创新的影响因素,构建了装备制造业突破性技术创新作用机理模型；在此基础上,通过对27家典型案例企业数据的模糊集定性比较分析,得到了不同逆向研发外包方式下,企业实现突破性技术创新的多重因果路径。研究发现通过研发合作方式进行逆向研发外包无法在短期内帮助企业实现突破性技术创新,而通过设立海外研发中心和海外并购方式开展逆向研发外包的企业则有4条路径可以实现突破性技术创新。其中,设立海外研发中心开展逆向研发外包,利用式学习是突破性技术创新发生的核心条件；而通过海外并购开展逆向研发外包,探索式学习则是突破性技术创新产生的核心条件。通过进一步分析,发现存在3个前因要素组态使得基于海外并购的逆向研发外包未能取得企业所预期的突破性技术创新。

Research on Influencing Factors of Radical Technological Innovation in Equipment Manufacturing Enterprise Based on Reverse R D Outsourcing

Using the method of multi case grounded theory, this paper summarizes the influencing factors of radical technological innovation in equipment manufacturing industry under three reverse R D outsourcing modes: R D cooperation, establishment of overseas R D center and overseas M A, and constructs the mechanism model of radical technological innovation in equipment manufacturing industry. On this basis, through the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis of the data of 27 typical case enterprises, the multiple causal paths for enterprises to realize radical technological innovation under different reverse R D outsourcing modes are obtained. The research shows that reverse R D outsourcing through R D cooperation cannot help enterprises achieve radical technological innovation in the short term, while enterprises that carry out reverse R D outsourcing through the establishment of overseas R D centers and overseas M A can achieve radical technological innovation through four paths. Through the establishment of overseas R D centers to carry out reverse R D outsourcing, exploitative learning is the core condition for the occurrence of radical technological innovation. The reverse R D outsourcing through overseas M A and exploratory learning are the core conditions for the emergence of radical technological innovation. Through further analysis, it is found that there are three antecedent factor configurations, which makes the reverse R D outsourcing based on overseas M A fail to achieve the expected radical technological innovation.