“经济人”与公共产品理论演化研究

主流经济学的理论大厦基本上是建立在＂经济人＂的假设基础上的,作为经济学的分支,公共经济学的分析也不例外地采用了经济人作为研究前提。通过对公共产品理论演化的分析,发现经济学家们在各自的公共产品理论中对经济人假说所持有的观点是不同的,公共产品提供方式以及提供水平也是大不相同的。将公共产品理论演化过程大致划分为三个阶段：公共经济的自愿交换阶段、公共产品现代理论阶段、公共产品的实验方法阶段。阐述了在理论的各个发展阶段个体自利在公共产品提供上扮演的角色。分析表明,自利在公共经济活动时并不是驱使个人行为的唯一因素,这是与主流经济学家的观点是不尽相同的。

Homo Economicus Hypothesis and Public Goods Theory Evolution

Mainstream economics is basically based on "Homo economicus",which means that individual will be totally self-interest in pursuit of his or her economic activity.As a branch of mainstream economics,public economics also takes the Homo economicus as its assumption.This assumption induces arguments of sets of government failure and market failure.The study demonstrates that self-interest is not in the same status in different economists’ analysis by exploring the evolution of public good theory.The study divides the evolution history of public goods into three stages:(1) voluntary exchange of public economy,(2) modern theory of public goods,(3) experiment approach of public goods.It is indicated that self-interest play different roles in each stage.So we can say that self-interest is not a single driving force when people pursue economic activities.